Title Critically discuss the ways UNICEF engage media techniques in their communications’ strategy.

Presentation Correspondence systems are intended to support legislative and non-administrative associations impart viably to meet center targets. In the new advanced age, imparting through the media has become a viable method of focusing on crowds and convincing them to act by either offering help or giving cash (Goodman and Hirsch, 2010: 2). The non-legislative association (NGO) UNICEF gives a case of how the successful utilization of convincing media strategies in an interchanges technique can assist with producing capital and backing. UNICEF utilizes various methods, which all assistance to bring issues to light of the goals that are attempting to be accomplished (Dijkzeul and Moke, 2005: 673). With specific spotlight on kids, UNICEF can speak with crowds to get compassionate help. A further extent of money related freedom is gained and in this manner utilized for philanthropic and improvement exercises (Dijkzeul and Moke, 2005: 673). It is impossible that such help would be gotten without the utilization of different media methods. This exposition will basically examine the manners in which UNICEF connect with media strategies in their communications’ procedure. Media Techniques and Political Communications The principle goal of most media messages is to convince or urge the crowd to accept or accomplish something (MLP, 2014: 1). In doing as such, various strategies are utilized to catch the audience’s eye and to build up trust and believability (Erwin, 2014: 104). One method that is utilized by the media is the utilization of direct citations from distinguished sources. This causes the peruser to accept the story being told and is regularly utilized as a ground-breaking inspiration to urge the peruser to act, for instance, by giving cash or buying something (MLP, 2014: 1). Where direct citations are utilized, all things considered, the message being passed on will be fruitful gotten as the crowd will accept what is being said. Such procedures are alluded to as the â€Å"language of persuasion† and are fundamental media education aptitudes (Changing Minds, 2013: 1). This was perceived by Lippmann who accepted that influence had become a â€Å"self-cognizant craftsmanship and a standard organ of mainstream government (Denton and Kuypers, 2007: 1). Influence is in this way a method of making assent from people about a specific reason and is fit for changing political interchanges in an extremely powerful manner. Except if correspondences are influential, it is far fetched that they will be powerful since influence is the fundamental specialized device that is required by the media. Governments use influence as a methods for acquiring assent from the messages being passed on, otherwise called political correspondence. Political correspondence is considered to have the accompanying four components; 1) momentary direction; 2) in light of explicit goals; 3) principally intervened; and 4) crowd focused. Political correspondence isn't restrictive to the political world as non-political entertainers likewise utilize this kind of correspondence as a method of imparting messages to the general population. This is commonly done by associations that have a polit ical target, for example, non-legislative associations (NGO’s). A NGO is an association that is isolated and unmistakable from governments and gainful organizations. Despite the fact that NGO’s can be financed by governments and organizations, they are normally set up by customary residents to assist a plan (Welch, 2000: 1). While the agenda’s of numerous NGO’s will contrast, the strategies for correspondence that are utilized will be comparable in that they will all look to successfully convey their goals to the focused on crowd. The essential goal of most NGO’s is to guarantee that human rights are as a rule completely ensured. In spite of the fact that NGO’s from various locales won't generally have similar objectives, they will in any case be organized along these lines. This is on the grounds that NGO’s by and large look to advance human rights around the world, which expects them to co-work with governments and the United Nations (Wong, 2012: 37). NGO’s are likewise significant in assisting w ith bringing open intrigue matters under the watchful eye of the courts (Wadham, 2001: 1). The broad communications is a helpful apparatus that permits political interchanges of NGO’s to be effectuated, yet social, social and mental issues are typically connected with media substance and use (Perse, 2001: 1). It was worried by Young that advanced society overwhelms its individuals through the media, instruction and support inside the commercial center (Young, 1999: 82). The media is equipped for articulating convictions by embracing different ideological methodologies. It has been said by Croteau and Hoynes that the media don't advance a particular view of belief system and rather impart various distinctive ideological recognitions (Croteau and Hoynes, 2012: 154). They noticed that social belief systems are more overbearing of society than standard philosophies due to the way that individuals give as much consideration to road scenes, lodging and garments as they do to the di scourse when watching universal news (Thompson, 1995: 176). Apparently, it is obvious from these declarations that the media is amazingly incredible in affecting the psyches of people, which is the reason it is a type of correspondence that is normally utilized by NGO’s to advance their agenda’s. The media is fit for forming a crowds subjectivity through the portrayal of ideological belief’s. NGO’s along these lines profit by utilizing media strategies to convince their focused on crowd to act in a specific way. The media is incredibly ground-breaking in convincing the mentalities, convictions and practices of society using purposeful publicity. Promulgation is a type of correspondence that impacts a crowd of people to act dependent on a specific plan. Publicity is utilized as a methods for creating passionate reactions to messages that are delivered to impact cultural perspectives towards a specific reason or position. NGO’s frequently use publicity to satisfy their goals and are subsequently viewed as compelling social purposeful publicity disseminators (Cull et al; 2003: 193). NGO’s have been viewed as legislative issues of the poor on the premise that they speak to political belief systems (Karim, 2001: 92). Political philosophy is a lot of thoughts which speak to the targets, desires and activities of an ideological group. An expansive scope of conviction frameworks exist inside various ideological groups and have commonly been procured from tenets, goals, legends, standar ds and social developments. Philosophy is a framework that is comprised of qualities and convictions â€Å"regarding the different foundations and procedures of society that is acknowledged as actuality or truth by a gathering of people† (Sargent, 2008: 2). Political belief system in this way contains the perspectives on ideological groups on how the world ought to be. This permits ideological groups to allot social qualities (Easton, 1971: 129) and figure out what is viewed as a ‘ideal’ world. There are various perspectives and assessments of ideological hypothesis, however philosophy is to a great extent driven by contending bunches in the public eye who take a stab at authority (Hall, 1997: 13). Authority happens when the most predominant in the public eye advances, through the media and culture, a lot of standards that individuals from that society must adjust to (Allan, 2004: 6). This is advantageous for NGO’s who utilize the media to set up an ideolo gical view of the rights wherein they are attempting to secure. In choosing whether certain practices adjust to society, the arrangement of standards that have been made inside that society should be considered by the media when choosing what messages should be passed on. Many accept this is uncalled for and dangerous as belief system just serves the interests of one fragment of society over every single other section (Curra, 2000: 6). This preferences numerous pieces of society as specific gatherings may not profit by the set up beliefs that are made. As brought up by Brown et al; belief system may just be valuable to certain ethnic gatherings, sexual orientations or religions (Brown et al; 2010: 9). This doesn't give a precise impression of the entire of society and while beliefs are vital in helping individuals to distinguish what is good and bad, it appears to be unsatisfactory to isolate certain pieces of society. This may, be that as it may, be vital while ensuring the privile ges of specific people. Political philosophies are liable to additionally scrutinize on the premise that they don't think about the requirements of present day society (Stankiewicz, 2012: 408), yet as brought up by Selinger; â€Å"There is no governmental issues without ideology† (Selinger, 1975: 99). Basically, this seems to show that every political correspondence will have some component of philosophy as good decisions will be contained inside them. Successfully, the destinations of NGO’s will be founded on ideological convictions and will generally have a political target. A case of this can be found corresponding to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), which is a NGO that gives philanthropic and improvement help to moms and youngsters in immature nations. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) made UNICEF on the eleventh December 1946 to give food and social insurance to youngsters that had been influenced by World War II. Despite the fact that UNICEF isn't worked by the administration, it like numerous different NGO’s to a great extent depends upon legislative help and political interchanges. NGO’s have, for quite a while, depended upon the broad communications to uncover infringement of human-rights and urge governments to squeeze those saw as mishandling them (Thrall et al; 2014: 3). This is expected to debilitate human rights maltreatment from occurring and to enable the culprits to be put to equity. The viability of this is questionable, however it appears just as more prominent help is being gained by any semblance of UNICEF because of

Lord of the Flies †Fear of the Unknown Free Essays

Every individual is recognized as positive or negative, however is there such a mind-bending concept as great and terrible? Golding, who has composed the Lord of the Flies, communicates and shows how individuals respond towards one another. The Lord of the Flies shows the picture of human progress and impact. Golding verbalizes every single individual in detail. We will compose a custom article test on Ruler of the Flies †Fear of the Unknown or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Around the 1700’s, two men named Hobbes and Locke had an interesting discussion, â€Å"What are people? †, â€Å"Were we intended to be savages? †, â€Å"What would ourselves be without laws? † These inquiries are yet to be replied by your own assessment. ‘The Lord of the Flies’ has numerous circumstances identifying with the idea of humanity.The nature of mankind depicts the attributes, for example, society, impact and independence. Society involves the idea of mankind, and it identifies with the kind of human progress the young men are in. The circumstance in ‘The Lord of the Flies’ involves the way that the young men have become savages, in light of the absence of decides and grown-ups that there are, to forestall viciousness and improper conduct. To begin with, Ralph found a conch and blew it to remember other kids who were likewise abandoned on this island. The young men start to develop on the island and live in brutality. (Golding, page 23) Roger decided to have a vote.Ralph was decided to be the pioneer and boss. Ralph relegated jobs that should have been finished regularly to everybody, and they needed to figure out how to cooperate so as to get by on the island. The young men have social discussions to stay aware of plans and obligations. Ralph’s needs were to manufacture sanctuaries and prop a fire up for a smoke signal; these undertakings would assist the gathering with being saved. With the idea of them staying away forever home, the gathering got pushed, enraged and terrified. Before long enough everything started to change. The standards didn't make a difference any longer, and Jack dismissed the assignments that he was advised to complete.He needed to be the pioneer. Without rules, they turned out to be progressively savage. This equitable demonstrates, that individuals need an arrangement of rules and guidelines. As viciousness develops inside every single part, the vibe of needing to slaughter develops also. Simon was killed by the pierce of the lances by the littl’uns and the ensemble young men. â€Å"There’s a lot of talking amiss, in light of the fact that we can’t have appropriate gatherings on the off chance that you don’t adhere to the guidelines. † (Golding. page-98) This statement was said by Ralph, this shows the young men are inertly controlled. With the young men overlooking their principle objective, they get increasingly enamored into discovering meat and endurance on he island. Society can change numerous things, populace, gatherings, companions, and human advancement. Impact influences the human brain; it is a case of an individual to be handily controlled as to be controlled. Impact has taken its effect from numerous points of view, peer pressure, an inclination to have a place and motivation. Impact affects Ralph since that he is the pioneer, he guides everybody so as to endure. In any case, presently that everything changed, and Jack is the pioneer of the trackers, there has been more tumult. Jack impacts others to join his side of the gathering by utilizing the dread of the monster, against the boys.The littl’uns consistently accepted that they weren’t alone on this island. As the idea continued happening, they chose to see whether the brute was existent. They took the pigs head and set it in the woodland, where they will catch the mammoth and chase it down. â€Å"They didn’t realize that the brute was close to a minor human a pilot. † (Golding, Page-151), Jack is likewise known to be a certain pioneer, this is the reason the young men decided to tail him, he additionally puts stock in himself which permits the others to do likewise. The two gatherings battle against one another for endurance. Jacks bunch begin to pursue one chance, to catch Piggy.Even however a large portion of the young men don’t accept that there is a monster in the woodland. Later on the littl’uns made them think, the greater part of the young men were impacted in accepting that there was a brute living on the island with them. Singularity speaks to an unmistakable character and makes them their own individual. The young men abandoned on the island are not the same as one another; they should cooperate and utilize every one of their aptitudes and capacity to help each other to have the option to endure. â€Å"We can do OK all alone can’t we? † (Golding. 145) the statement has a profound importance into it, to depend on one another as well as to depend on ourselves and figure out how to be independent.It shows that the young men are genuinely scared for the up and coming occasion. Everybody drives themselves in their own ways. The choices we make are close to home. At the point when piggy revealed to Ralph his name, he was eager to face the challenge and depend Ralph that he wouldn’t tell anybody. Ralph mentioned to everybody what Piggy’s name was and that was Ralphs deficiency since he decided to state something essential to Piggy, and it offends . Ralph can without much of a stretch lose piggy’s trust in light of the decision he made. Indeed, even the purpose of where Jack chose to part separated was his own choice however it would’ve been best that they all stick together.From them separating ceaselessly from one another the two gatherings presently battle against one another gambling a high possibility of death. The Lord of the Flies has demonstrated how these young men respond in their own general public with the absence of rules and initiative. They lived in a just society and which they resist the principles. There are disciplines and mishaps with the demonstrations of viciousness appeared inside the young men. There are times when impact dominate and where working alone can happen in shocking circumstances. Each individual makes a general public and shows an individual have awful goals yet doesn't mean they are terrible. The most effective method to refer to Lord of the Flies †Fear of the Unknown, Papers

Applying the Doctrines of Entrapment and Outrageous Government Conduct Essay

Applying the Doctrines of Entrapment and Outrageous Government Conduct - Essay Example The need to adjust the requests of peace, from one viewpoint, and the privileges of the charged to fair treatment on the other, is the focal predicament that undergirds the discussion. Luckily, there are situations where the realities are of such lucidity that it isn't hard to think of a decision that can be advocated by both statute and the standards of the Constitution. It is deferentially presented that this case is one of them. In view of the realities of the case, there is sufficient lawful premise to decide for the denounced and award his vindication based on the barrier of â€Å"outrageous government conduct.† Outrageous government lead The idea that conduct of state operators that â€Å"shocks the conscience† could comprise an infringement of the option to fair treatment of the blamed and therefore, could make sure about the excusal of the charges against him was first set down on account of Rochin v. California [342 us 165 (1952)]. In that specific case, the of ficials coercively instigated the blamed to upchuck cases that they accepted to contain drugs. This choice filled in as the ancestor of the resistance of â€Å"outrageous government conduct†, which basically gives a remarkable guard to the charged in a circumstance wherein the police had acted in a shocking, unpardonable way that abused fundamental statutes of equity and fairness. This was additionally refined on account of United States v. Russell(1973):â [W]e may some time or another be given a circumstance in which the lead of law authorization specialists is silly to such an extent that fair treatment standards would completely banish the administration from conjuring legal procedures to get a conviction (refering to Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165. It must be underscored that lone incredibly remarkable cases ought to be considered here. A negligible inability to uncover one’s job as a covert source doesn't go under the meaning of over the top direct, as on ac count of Hoffa v. US [385 US 293 (1966)], nor does utilizing an accepted name and personality in leading at phone exchange, as on account of Lewis v. US [385 US 206 (1966)]. For this situation, while there is no indicating that physical viciousness was utilized against the denounced, the conduct of the cop Friday was similarly intolerable. He had essentially constrained the denounced to perpetrate the wrongdoing that he needed him to submit, in a frantic endeavor to have some yield for his bosses who were anticipating that him should bust a medication ring. It must be noticed that the criminal allegations were for the ownership of eight ounces of cocaine and trick to disperse the equivalent. The eight ounces of cocaine just came about on the grounds that he constrained the charged to get the other 4 ounces using a credit card, when the blamed just needed 4 ounces. However, much increasingly indefensible is the utilization of Jane, who Friday knew to be somebody that Bob had an eye f or. The main explanation that Bob was convinced to continue with the exchange was on the grounds that Friday conveyed Jane to disclose to him that she would return home with him on the off chance that he had the cocaine. It is significantly increasingly indefensible that Friday had occupied with sexual relations with this lady while covert in his activity, and utilizing her to accomplish his closures. This sort of conduct is really irritating and merits censure. Ensnarement In truth, it might even be contended that the safeguard of capture is accessible to Bob. The Supreme Court makes a qualification between the guard of entanglement and the protection of over the top government direct, a differentiation which was set down on account of Hampton v. US [425 US 484 (1976]. The guard of entanglement utilizes an abstract norm, it implies that for the protection to be accessible to the denounced, he needs to

Issues of politics and administration dichotomy Assignment

Issues of governmental issues and organization division - Assignment Example In our investigation of open organization, legislative issues and government are to various terms yet are interrelated. Actually, they are interlaced and hitched to one another in a way that one turns out to be practically unimportant without the other. We can't discuss governmental issues without referencing organization and we can't discuss organization without referencing legislative issues. To comprehend governmental issues is the key in understanding open organization. As legislative issues is the detailing of open arrangement, organization then again is completing such approach. So concerning me, to manage these two independently will be unfeasible and not functional. Legislative issues can represent the open enthusiasm for what it's worth about the exercises of an intrigue bunch which can enter the entire texture of government. In this sense, government turns into the association, apparatus or organization through which a political unit practices authority and performs capacities. As I would see it, open organization works in a profoundly world of politics. This is on the grounds that under the bureaucratic structure of the legislature, the director can't accomplish the targets of his association with no political intercession. For instance, allocation in doing the objectives of any administration foundation must be approved by the lawmaking body. For this situation, the executive ought to endeavor to win the help and endorsement of the assembly for the program of his organization. The utilization of the legislative issues †organization polarity as an approach to progress in the investigation of open organization can be beneficial and disadvantageous simultaneously. It is a preferred position for us to isolate legislative issues from organization to keep up the trust of general society. This is finished by smothering the pervasiveness of impact of any political gathering in government organization. Along these lines, the enthusiasm of the individuals is prepared for the enthusiasm of the political gathering. For instance, during the time spent

Kssr Sains

TAJUK 1| Isu-isu dalam Pendidikan Sains| SINOPSIS Topik ini membincangkan beberapa isu-isu dalam pendidikan sains. Isu-isu ini berkaitan dengan matlamat pendidikan sains, kandungan pendidikan sains, pengajaran sains dan literasi saintifik. HASIL PEMBELAJARAN 1. Mengenal pasti dan membincangkan isu-isu dalam pendidikan sains. 2. Analisis kesan-kesan isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan sains dalam pengajaran sains di sekolah-sekolah rendah. Kerangka Tajuk-tajuk Rajah 1. 0 Kerangka tajuk ISI KANDUNGAN 1. Isu-isu Kurikulum Sains Preparing a national science educational plan that will help school understudies build up their logical abilities close by their securing of science information expects regard for four issues. 1. Choice of science content (information, ability, comprehension and qualities) There is a predictable analysis that huge numbers of the issues and issues in science instruction emerge from the structure of science educational plans which will in general be informatio n overwhelming and estranging to a noteworthy number of students.A educational program that covers a broad scope of science thoughts hampers the endeavors of even the best instructors who endeavor to give connecting with science figuring out how to their understudies. The impact of such information loaded educational plans is for instructors to treat science ideas in a shallow manner as they endeavor to cover what is normal in the educational plan. Instead of creating understanding, understudies in this way tend to depend on memorisation when stepping through examinations of their science learning. The test is to distinguish the science ideas that are significant and can be sensibly comprehended by understudies in the learning time available.One of the real factors looked in science instruction is that logical information is quickly expanding. While this is significant for our general public, it includes to the weight the science educational program. There is a hesitance to supplant the old with the new. Or maybe, there is a propensity to just add the new science thoughts to the customary ones. Going with this longing to hold the conventional information base is an inclination that understanding this substance embodies scholarly meticulousness. Clearly such a circumstance isn't sustainable.The result is that numerous understudies are losing enthusiasm for science. The inquiry then should be posed: what is significant in a science educational program? This paper contends that creating science capabilities is significant, understanding the enormous thoughts of science is significant, presentation to a scope of science encounters applicable to regular day to day existence is significant and comprehension of the significant ideas from the various sciences is significant. It is likewise recognized that there is a center collection of information and understanding that is essential to the comprehension of major ideas.The paper additionally suggests that it is concei vable to give adaptability and decision about the substance of nearby science educational program. The variables that impact this decision incorporate setting, nearby science learning openings, recorded points of view, contemporary and neighborhood issues and accessible learning assets. In dealing with this decision, there is a should be aware of the potential peril of redundancy of information through a student’s school life and guarantee reiteration is limited and that a decent science educational program is accommodated each student.Finally, when choosing content for a national science educational program it is imperative to decide how much time can sensibly and practically be designated to science and inside this time requirement what is a sensible scope of science ideas and abilities for learning in essential and optional school. 2. Significance of science learning an educational program is bound to give a premise to the improvement of logical capabilities on the off cha nce that it is pertinent to singular understudies, saw to have individual worth, or is introduced in a setting to which understudies can promptly relate.Instead of just underscoring what has been depicted as ‘canonical science concepts’, there is a need to give an important setting to which understudies can relate (Aikenhead 2006). Besides, understudies will be better put to comprehend the ideas in the event that they can be applied to regular encounters. To give both setting and chances to application requires some serious energy. To expand the pertinence of science to understudies there is a solid case to incorporate increasingly contemporary (and perhaps dubious) issues in the science curriculum.In doing as such, note that the multifaceted nature of some logical issues implies that they don't have obvious arrangements. Frequently, the important science information is restricted or deficient so the inquiries must be tended to regarding what might be conceivable or lik ely as opposed to the sureness of what will occur. In any event, when the dangers innate in settling on a specific choice are assessable by science, the social or social perspectives additionally should be taken into consideration.The school science educational plan ought to give chances to investigate these unpredictable issues to empower understudies to comprehend that the use of science and innovation to this present reality is regularly worried about hazard and discussion (Rennie 2006). Science information can be applied to take care of issues concerning human needs and needs. Each utilization of science affects our condition. Therefore, one needs to value that choices concerning science applications include limitations, outcomes and dangers. Such dynamic isn't esteem free.In creating science skills, understudies need to value the impact of specific qualities in endeavoring to adjust the issues of limitations, outcomes and hazard. While numerous understudies see school science a s troublesome, the consideration of complex issues ought not be maintained a strategic distance from on the premise that there is a potential for causing science to appear to be significantly progressively troublesome. The appropriate response isn't to bar contemporary issues, yet rather to utilize them to advance a progressively complex comprehension of the idea of science and logical knowledge.It is critical to feature the ramifications of a science educational program that has individual worth and significance to understudies. This implies the educational plan can't be a ‘one size fits all’, yet rather an educational program that is separated so understudies can draw in with content that is important and fulfilling and gives the chance to theoretical profundity. In this regard the science educational plan ought to be endless supply of how understudies learn, have shown pertinence to tudents’ regular world, and be actualized utilizing instructing and learning a pproaches that include understudies in request and movement. Inside the adaptability of a science educational plan that provides food for an expansive associate of understudies and a scope of conveyance settings, there is a need to characterize what it is that understudies should know in each phase of tutoring. Along these lines, understudies can fabricate their science request abilities dependent on a comprehension of the significant thoughts that support our logical undertaking. 3.General abilities and science instruction There is a contention, in view of research inside science training, that educational program needs to accomplish a superior harmony between the customary information centered science and an increasingly humanistic science educational plan that gets ready understudies for more extravagant comprehension and utilization of science in their ordinary world (Fensham, 2006). Past the science discipline region there is additionally pressure in some Australian purviews to build up a more extensive general school educational plan that grasps the perspective on having information and aptitudes significant for future individual, social and financial life.While there is a lot of significant worth in such modern systems, there is the threat that the estimation of logical comprehension might be lessened. Except if the subtleties of the general abilities allude explicitly to science content, the significance of science might be ignored and the educational program time committed to it decline. The science educational program can promptly give chances to build up these general capacities. Such broad capacities as intuition techniques, dynamic methodologies, correspondence, utilization of data and correspondence innovation (ICT), cooperation and critical thinking are immeasurably significant elements of science learning.There is an expanding number of educators who will expect help to structure their instructing in manners that empower understudies to merge t he general life abilities with the comprehension and aptitudes expected to accomplish logical capabilities. Such help will be found in the arrangement of value, versatile educational program assets and supported successful expert learning. 4. Evaluation When an educational program report is set up there is a desire that what is composed will be what is instructed and what is surveyed. Shockingly, there is now and then an extensive hole between ntended educational plan, the showed educational program and the evaluated educational plan; what can be surveyed regularly figures out what is instructed. This distinction is a consequence of the various weights and desires in training framework. A conspicuous objective in educational program advancement is that the planned, instructed and evaluated measurements of educational program are in amicability. The significance of appraisal in educational program improvement is featured in the process alluded to as ‘backward design’ in which one works through three phases from educational program purpose to evaluation desires to at long last arranging learning encounters and guidance (Wiggins and McTighe, 2005).This procedure fortifies the straightforward suggestion that for an educational program to be effectively executed one ought to have a reasonable and sensible image of how the educational program will be surveyed. Evaluation should effectively learn. Study hall evaluation, be that as it may, is frequently interpreted in real life as testing. Tragically the summative finish of-point tests appear to command as the fundamental instrument of appraisal. Senior optional science appraisal identified with college entrance has since quite a while ago fortified

Indolence as Productivity Deconstruction, Foucault and Paradox in Keats’s Negative Capability - Literature Essay Samples

Michel Foucault, in his seminal essay, What Is An Author?, considers the relationship between author, text, and reader: â€Å"†¦the quibbling and confrontations that a writer generates between himself and his text cancel out the signs of his particular individuality.†(Foucault, 1477) Forms of discourse, and the â€Å"author function’s† impact on these established forms, are theoretically questioned, while simultaneously speculating the absence of author in a text. Keats’s poetic character and temperament, as evidenced from his letters and exercised in his odes, can be characterized by his ideal of negative capability, which he defines as a state of mind in which â€Å"man is capable of being in uncertainties, Mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason.(Cox, 109) Keats is describing the capacity that human beings possess to transcend and revise their contexts; it is an inherent rejection of the attempt to formulate theorie s or categorical knowledge, particularly in poetic practice. In the narrative that Keats’s letters cast, the concept arises only once, formally, however, Keats’s development of an aesthetic theory unique to him is ever present. In order to contextualize this development, various passages from the letters must be contemplated alongside biographical information, which places a contrast on modes of thinking between Charles Wentworth Dilke and Keats’s â€Å"exemplary† model, Shakespeare. Negative Capability, for Keats, is born out of the dichotomy that these figures posited as methods for â€Å"true poetry†; to attain the standard of â€Å"true poetry†, Keats demanded that the poet be receptive rather than searching for fact or reason. Though Keats’s condensed body of work does not include a prescribed text for his conception of aesthetic theory, which was a trend amongst his Romantic contemporaries, Keats’s thoughts on poetic char acter and the â€Å"non-identity† is affirmed throughout a series of letters. Keats fundamentally believes that aestheticism requires a removal of one’s identity during the creative process; writing poetry must be approached by an individual who has nothing of himself to impart while possessing the capacity to subdue his own personality. This notion can also be extracted from one Keats’s more inferior odes, â€Å"Ode on Indolence†, an 1819 poem which explicates the writing process and the necessity for authorial removal. The content is relatively mundane, as it follows the speaker’s, presumably a poet’s, contemplation of a morning spent in idleness. Three figures approach the poet as he enters a state of â€Å"indolence†: Ambition, Love and Poesy. During the speaker’s interactions with the figures, there dawns a realization that Poesy, or â€Å"poetry†, cannot be entirely banished; indolence is a necessary state for prod uctive poetry, combined with the dissociation of identity and the self, or, in Foucauldian terms, the â€Å"subject†. Foucault’s theory on interpreting texts while conscious of the author’s absence or â€Å"death† is compatible with the ode. Keats’s other odes tend to thematicize ideas, rather than enact them, as â€Å"Ode on Indolence† demonstrates; just as exponents of Foucault’s essay and poststructuralist thought deny any identity to a text, Keats inherently denies any temperament and identity to the poet. Keats confronts the lived reality of the poetic spectacle, not just as an aesthetic space for displaying expression, but also as a coercive agent for invading and structuring modes of thinking and human consciousness.The origin of â€Å"negative capability† is easily traceable to the perpetually revisited letter written by Keats to his brothers George and Tom on December 21, 1817; the term, in a formal sense, occurs only once in all of Keats’ writings. In terms of theory, however, Keats was persistently concerned with elucidating a process for writing â€Å"true poetry†. Keats’s contemporary and personal companion, Charles Dilke, proposed facets of aesthetic theory that relied on categorization and didactics. In his letter of 17-27 September 1819, addressed to George Keats, Keats describes Dilkes character, calling him a Man who cannot feel he has a personal identity unless he has made up his Mind about every thing(Cox, 326) Li Ou, in her biographical exposition, â€Å"Keats and Negative Capability†, contextualizes the relationship between Dilke and Keats, as well as the influence Dilke held over him: â€Å"†¦Dilke, like Coleridge who reaches after fact and reason irritably, an example of something opposite to negative capability in his ‘consequitive’ and dogmatic approach to experience.†(Ou, 5) The influence, according to Ou, occurs in the form o f a contradiction; Dilke’s logic, which dictates a â€Å"dogmatic approach†, is not compatible with Keats’s perspective. In a letter to John Reynolds, Keats details his admiration of Shakespeare:One of the three books I have with me is Shakespeares Poems: I neer(never) found so many beauties in the sonnets – they seem to be full of fine things said unintentionally – in the intensity of working out conceits. Is this to be borne? Hark ye!(Cox, 126)Though Keats’s influences are often owned to John Milton and Edmund Spenser based on stylistic structure, thematic nature and diction, in terms of theory, Shakespeare is at the epicenter of Keats’s aesthetic thought. To regard Shakespeare as a poet who produces works while simultaneously â€Å"working out conceits†, he is participating in an early formation of what Keats will label as a capability of â€Å"being in uncertainties†. Shakespeare, Ou argues, is responsible for an ear ly cognition of what Keats’s later coins â€Å"negative capability†. She states:â€Å"A Man of Achievement with negative capability is a camelion poet with no proper self but metamorphic identities†¦No wonder Shakespeare is again indicated as the exemplary camelion poet, while Wordsworth, like Coleridge formerly, is set on the opposite side,†(Ou, 6)â€Å"Camelion poet† refers to the quality of identity displacement, which Shakespeare, according to Ou, applied to himself consistently. Keats adopts this quality habitually in his formation of poetic character and â€Å"non-identity†. Ou’s mentioning of William Wordsworth is also significant to consider; he, similarly to Dilke, influenced Keats through incompatible ideals.Keats possesses an awareness of the theoretical thought that was contemporary to his writing career. Though he regards Shakespeare highly, he does not share this respect with Wordsworth for two reasons: firstly, Wordswor thian influence was assigned to Keats within the poetic circle, and Keats was conscious to assure his independence from that influence, and secondly, Wordsworth’s contribution to aesthetic theory essentially disagreed with Keats’s ideas. In a letter to Reynolds, Keats demonstrates his disdain of â€Å"egotist† logic:â€Å"But for the sake of a few fine imaginative or domestic passages, are we to be bullied into a certain Philosophy engendered in the whims of an egotist. Every man has his speculations, but every man does not brood and peacock over them till he makes a false coinage and deceives himself†¦ We hate poetry that has a palpable design upon us†(Cox, 121)It is this â€Å"palpability† that causes the incompatibility between the poets; Keats valued sensibility and humility as qualities in the poetic figure, as Wordsworth advocates his own â€Å"speculations† as an objective mode of thought. Jacob Wigod, author of â€Å"Negative C apability and Wise Passiveness†, attempts to reconcile the inherent differences between Wordsworth and Keats by comparing the two concepts, as the title suggests. He claims that,â€Å"Far from looking at the world in the Shakespearean or negative-capability way, Wordsworth had developed a strictly bound set of didactic and moral principles from which he would not deviate.†(Wigod, 385)Wordsworth, whose poetic career precedes Keats’s considerably, entered a status of canonicity while that career was still active. Contemporarily, Wordsworth was nationally praised and through his writings in the preface to Lyrical Ballads, established a universal form of poetic speech. Keats does not accept the â€Å"set of didactic and moral principles† that Wordsworth promotes, as negative capability is based in opposition. Wigod comments on the connecting factor between the poets:â€Å"The whole measure of Wordsworths influence on Keats is almost u ntraceable. Whereas Keats gladly of wise passiveness, Wordsworths individualistic poetic strength precluded his assuming a Shakespearean role of negative capability.†(Wigod, 390)As Wigod demonstrates, a reconciliation is possible, however, negative capability relies on the contradiction between Dilke, Wordsworth and Shakespeare to exist. The concept is born out of the inability to balance the opposing views, and with the context that both Ou and Wigod provide, it becomes possible to conceive of it concretely and trace it within Keats’s poetic writing.Negative Capability and Keat’s corresponding aesthetic theory is composed of the poet’s â€Å"no-self†, â€Å"non-identity† and the act of accepting binary oppositions, or rather, the contentment associated with â€Å"inbetweeness†. In a letter to J.A. Hessey Keats provides a stable definition for the poetic character that conforms to negative capability:As to the poetical charac ter itself.it is not itself – it has no self – it is everything and nothing – It has no character- it enjoys light and shade; it lives in gusto, be it foul or fair, high or low, rich or poor, mean or elevated – It has as much delight in conceiving an Iago as an Imogen. What shocks the virtuous philosopher, delights the camelion poet(Cox, 287) The Poetical Character as enunciated by Keats in the passage is that which has no identity of its own that can surpass its imaginative faculty and leave an impression of its identity on what the imagination conceives. Keats claims that the â€Å"true poet† is one who has nothing to impart but is gifted with the capacity to subdue his own personality. He must maintain the ability to project himself into others identities and actively participate in all types of experiences of life, both moral and immoral. Walter Jackson Bate, a notable figure in Keats scholarship, authored a seminal doctoral dissertation simply entitled, â€Å"Negative Capability†. In the publication, he authenticates an interpretation and definition of negative capability and the â€Å"poetical character†; he defines this character as follows: â€Å"This self-annihilation of the poet through a sympathetic identification of himself with his subject—whether a creature or a phenomenon—will be accomplished through the Imagination, immediately and intuitively†(Bate, 32) Essentially, the â€Å"imagination† is treated as a conscious mental exercise; Keats demonstrates this consciousness in the letters, and will also be examined and extracted from â€Å"Ode on Indolence†. Keats asserts that a poet who has no identity is certainly,the most unpoetical of anything in existence; because he has no Identity – He is continually in for – and filling some other body – The Sun, the Moon, the Sea and Men and Women who are creatures of impulse are poetical and have about them an unchangeable attribute – The poet has none; no identity(Cox, 295) The paradox that Keats presents in the excerpt becomes tangible within his poems, particularly those that exhibit a grand narrative, such as Lamia or the existing versions of Hyperion. The theory itself, when understood as a tool for writing is most apparent within the odes, especially â€Å"Ode on Indolence†, which can be viewed as an exposition of the writing function.To further authorize Keats’ conception of â€Å"poetical character†, he wrote to Richard Woodhouse on 27 October 1818, When I am in a room with People if I ever am free from speculating on creations of my own brain, then not myself goes home to myself: but the identity of every one in the room begins to (for so) press upon me that, I am in a very little time annihilated(Cox, 295). The poetical gift of self- annihilation, which, enables an artist to accept the opposites—the paradoxes and contradictions—o f life, does not allow the poet to remain egocentric. Bate’s argument encompasses Keats’ previously disputed influences and assigns the states of being â€Å"characterless† to negative capability:â€Å"Such a manifestation of the poetic gift will be permitted only to the poet who possesses the quality of Negative Capability, who is himself characterless and without identity, who will not only tolerate but unhesitatingly welcome the obliteration of himself†¦This is the philosophy, not of Wordsworth or Milton, but of Shakespeare, and of Keats himself.†(Bate, 29)Bate supports Keats’s independence as both a poet and theoretical critic; negative capability, thus, provokes an individual to approach a text, both as reader and writer, with a suspension of identity and preconceived notions of self.In examining negative capability and poetic â€Å"non-identity† and its relation to writing, it is plausible to make a connection to poststructuralist thought, particularly that mandated by Michel Foucault. Keats’s theoretical conceptions lend themselves readily to a Foucauldian lens; What Is An Author? questions the precedence of the authorial identity in texts, just as Keats warrants the removal of â€Å"poetical identity† in the act of writing texts. Though Foucault places allegiance in structuralism as a more appropriate method for deconstructing text, the notion of â€Å"nothingness† that structures his essay is inherently poststructuralist. Jo-Anne Cappeluti’s publication, For the Love of Nothing: Auden, Keats, and Deconstruction, connects Keats’s ideals to those that belong to poststructuralist thought. She argues that,â€Å"Deconstruction by definition is an exercise of the intellect’s predilection to disprove and deny aesthetic experience. Deconstruction is in love with denying this â€Å"nothing,† but is seemingly unaware of how attempting demystification entangles the i ntellect all the more with the imagination.†(Cappeluti, 345)The â€Å"entanglement† between â€Å"intellect and imagination† can be interpreted as a supposition that regulates Romantic thought. Negative Capability is concerned with displacing intellect and personal speculations and substituting â€Å"non-identity† in its place. Indolence, as enacted in â€Å"Ode on Indolence†, requires the denial of â€Å"aesthetic experience†; to be in a state of indolence is to reject aesthetic thought and personal identity in order to experience â€Å"true poetry†. Keats, again in a letter to Reynolds, states that,â€Å"The Genius of Poetry must work out its own salvation in a man: It cannot be matured by law and precept, but by sensation and watchfulness in itself – That which is creative must create itself.†(Cox, 287)Just as negative capability does not endorse â€Å"law and precept†, neither can â€Å"The Genius of Poetryâ € . Text, particularly that which is creative, relies on itself for signification; absence of identity, absence of author are necessary in compiling a discourse or mode of thinking.Foucault, in his essay, explores the consequences of interpreting a text and dispossessing the author credited with that text. Similarly, â€Å"Ode on Indolence† is essentially a plea for authors to consciously enter a state of â€Å"indolence† to produce work; there must be an absence primarily, to initiate a presence. Foucault defines the function of writing as such:â€Å"The essential basis of this writing is not the exalted emotions related to the act of composition or the insertion of a subject into language. Rather, it is primarily concerned with creating an opening where the writing subject endlessly disappears.†(Foucault, 1477)Keats’s ode is nearly void of emotion; rather, the speaker abandons emotion, represented by the figures of Ambition and Love. â€Å"O folly! What is Love? And where is it?/ And for that poor ambition—it springs/ From a man’s little heart’s short fever-fit†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (lines 42-44) exclaims the speaker when he undergoes the realization that he unable to join them when experiencing indolence. Contrarily, the â€Å"demon Poesy† cannot be dismissed as easily. Keats is perhaps alluding to the necessary removal of self that grants access to â€Å"true poetic† thought; because the speaker cannot abandon Poesy, he is paradoxically inclined to desire and reject her. Keats found a mind associated with indolence, which was a narrow private path, not a thoroughfare for all thoughts.(Wigod, 390) Cappeluti also comments on the connection between poetry and a method of deconstruction:â€Å"Poetry invites this process, and deconstruction thrives on making nothing of it, but the answer lies in the power of language†¦Poets see language as a powerful means of engaging people in the aesthetic nature of being human.†(Cappeluti, 356)Cappeluti stresses the importance of human agency in the language of poetry. To conceive of indolence linguistically is to view it as not only a state that provides access to â€Å"Poesy†, but a space in which a poet can gain agency and a sense of humanism. It requires the removal and stripping of identity in order to enter indolence, and consequently experience aesthetic movement. Foucault, also emphasizes the primary need for â€Å"identity sacrifice†:â€Å"Writing is now linked to sacrifice and to the sacrifice of life itself; it is an obliteration of the self that does not require representation in books because it takes place in the everyday existence of the writer.†(Foucault, 1477)The â€Å"obliteration of the self† corresponds to the â€Å"self-annihilation† discussed earlier. Foucault is conscious of authorial sacrifice a wrier must make in order to produce a text; Keats’s negative capability ca n be perceived as an early method of deconstruction in this context, as it a facet that is manifest in the poet, rather than his work.Deconstruction envisions a state of mind in which inherently opposed and irreconcilable ideas exist simultaneously with no possibility of a synthesis, which can lead to certainties. Although Keats does not talk about irreconcilable ideas in the letters, uncertainties presume such a situation, while reason removes uncertainties to arrive at certitudes. In â€Å"Ode on Indolence†, the relationship between the speaker and Poesy can be defined as a relation among â€Å"irreconcilable ideas†. The idea of existing â€Å"inbetween† is characteristic of Keats in his letters, poems and theoretical discussions; this contradictory nature aims to alleviate any concrete regulations or conventions that categorize or organize poetry. Foucault’s argument encompasses the author, and his/her affiliation with â€Å"contradictions†:â₠¬Å"The author serves to neutralize the contradictions that are found in a series of texts. Governing this function is the belief that there must be—at a particular level of an author’s thought, of his conscious or unconscious desire—a point where contradictions are resolved, where the incompatible elements can be shown to relate to one another or to cohere around a fundamental and originating contradiction.†(Foucault, 1484)Keats’ theory and its evidence in the ode is contradictory in itself, since it abstains from categorization, yet â€Å"coheres around a fundamental contradiction†; the poem tends to be declarative rather than dramatic, and narratively veracious rather than densely reflexive. The conclusion of the poem, whether influenced by biographical or more purely critical discourse, reveals its mission as Keats’s incapacity for or disillusionment with the exercise of the poetic imagination. Keats’s idea of the â€Å"cham eleon poet† and application of negative capability is palpable in the ode. It is an attempt to expose that in â€Å"true poetry†, being invested in a suitable object obliterates the identity of the poet.Though poststructuralist and Foucauldian thought occur in literary criticism as a facet of the postmodern movement much later that Keats’s involvement in the Romantic movement, it is plausible to accept that Keats and his concept of negative capability aided in paving the way for such modes of thinking. Keats’s theory attempts to negotiate the turbulent relationship between intellect and imagination, â€Å"poetical character† and â€Å"non-identity†; as demonstrated, it is readily applicable to his poetic practice, in the form of â€Å"Ode on Indolence†. Keats’s other odes tend to thematicize ideas, rather than enact them, as â€Å"Ode on Indolence† demonstrates; just as exponents of Foucault’s essay and poststructu ralist thought deny any identity to a text, Keats inherently denies any temperament and identity to the poet. Keats confronts the lived reality of the poetic spectacle, not just as an aesthetic space for displaying expression, but also as a coercive agent for invading and structuring modes of thinking and human consciousness.Works CitedBate, Walter J. Negative Capability. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1939. Print. Cappeluti, Jo-Anne. For the Love of Nothing: Auden, Keats, and Deconstruction. Philosophy and Literature 33.2 (2009): 345-57. Project MUSE. Web. 7 Dec. 2012.Cox, Jeffrey N. Keatss Poetry and Prose: Authoritative Texts, Criticism. New York:W.W. Norton, 2009. Print.Foucault, Michel. What Is An Author? The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. Ed. Vincent B. Leitch. 2nd ed. New York: W. W. Norton , 2010. 1475-490. Print.Ou, Li. Chapter 1: Genealogy of Negative Capability. Keats and Negative Capability. London: Continuum, 2009. 23-61. Wigod, Jacob D. Negative Capability and Wise Passiveness. Modern LanguageAssociation 67.4 (1952): 383-90. Print.

Another College Ranking

Another College Ranking May 1, 2013 Brown, Dartmouth, and Princeton top the sexiness charts, according to BuzzFeed. And, no, this building isnt very sexy. But it is a building at Brown! Of all of the factors included in the US News World Report college rankings, sexiness isnt one of them. But thank heavens for BuzzFeed because theyve got a ranking of the sexiest smart colleges. According to BuzzFeed, Sexiness has been tragically ignored by most college ranking systems (were looking at you, US News World Report), but no longer. BuzzFeed plotted Forbess academic rankings of colleges and universities against dating site DateMySchools hotness index, which measures the attractiveness of students by how much interest their dating profiles get. Schools in the top right of the graph above scored high in both. Then BuzzFeed weighted both ranks equally and tallied them up to determine our top ten. Wow. Kind of ridiculous, right? Anyhow, so which colleges ranked well in this college ranking? Carnegie Mellon placed tenth (69th in academics, 32nd in hotness). The University of Virginia placed ninth. UVA is 36th in academics and 40th in hotness. Harvard placed eighth with rankings of 6th in academics and 51st in hotness. Boston University, with a 98th place finish in academics and a 16th place finish in hotness, placed seventh. Boston College placed sixth (guess it pays to go to school in Boston)! BC ranked 26th in academics and 31st in hotness. Columbia University placed fifth with a 5 ranking in academics and a 37 ranking in sexiness. The University of Pennsylvania placed fourth, ranking 17th in academics and 33rd in hotness. Princeton, topping the list in academics and coming in 36th in hotness, placed third. Dartmouth College placed second overall with a 34 ranking in academics and a 4 ranking in hotness (thereby making it the sexiest Ivy League college). Brown University, however, won this college ranking by placing 19th in academics and 5th in hotness. Did you know that students were so attractive at Dartmouth and Brown? Let us know your thoughts on this very important matter by posting below! And read about another college ranking formula if it interests you here.

Water Pollution In New England - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 989 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Water Pollutions Essay Did you like this example? Water is one of the most, if not the most, important resource humans have. There are limitless ways water is needed. The most obvious is to provide for organisms to survive. Other ways are for obvious reasons like washing, growing, swimming in, etc. With all the ways we use and need water, we as humans do not provide protection for this resource rather, we do the complete opposite. From coast to coast, water pollution is starting to come into effect. Water pollution is the presence of contaminants that surpass what is naturally found in water. This could lead to harm in the organisms in the water, the environment, or even humans. Usually this occurrence will not happen on it owns, this could be a result of various human activities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Water Pollution In New England" essay for you Create order Plenty of bodies of water are being affected by water pollution. One in particular is the oceans. Every day new pollutants make way into the ocean. The contaminants take many forms in the ocean. Millions of gallons of oil every year are dumped into the ocean. Deadly proportions of toxic materials are added up from the oceans. Plastic and paper are pulled out continuously. All of this trash in the water causes it to become contaminated and produces numerous deaths of marine animals. Each person has contributed to the pollution of the waters one way or another. An enormous contribution is Factories. The factories will use incredible amounts of water for their own purposes. After they are done with the water, this now polluted water is dumped back into the oceans. This can kill marine life, endanger people fishing, swimming, or drinking, and pollute food supplies. Nutrient pollution is one of the widest spreading pollution problems in the area of New England. This type of pollution consists of excessive levels of nitrogen in saltwater areas and excess phosphorus in freshwater. The Conservation Law Foundation, otherwise referenced as CLF, supports its claim with reliable evidence. The evidence comes from different bodies of water tested by the foundation. With the Clean Water Act also being mentioned to support the claim the CLF is making. The CLF is helping to thrust the growing problem into the national spotlight. The text is not current as it was published in spring 2011, although the article is in fact scholarly and peer reviewed. It is not mentioned who funded this work, and no other viewpoints are present. This article contributes some past water and nutrient pollution problems in the New England area. While the article is not too specific nor too general, it provides sufficient information on the issues and the background of how the CLF is taking action. This article supports one of the many problems water pollution has on bodies of water in New England. The information defines a problem while discussing solutions and improvements. The degradation of water is mainly caused by the contaminant nitrogen. Mainly in the coastal waters of New England. This pollution may affect the marine environments which will lead to the communitys development. This will lead to the species becoming polluted which could cause reproduction problems. This work was funded by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). The many references contribute to the evidence found in the article. Cape Cod Commission, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, Massachusetts Department of Natural Resources, Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, these were the few of many references that helped put together the information provided. No other viewpoints were presented. Date the article was published is 2006 and is a scholarly peer-reviewed article. The article is not too specific nor too general, the information provided is sufficient on the affected marine environments and their development. This article supports one of t he many outcomes of water pollution, especially in New England. The information defines a problem while discussing solutions and improvements. In the New Bedford Harbor in Massachusetts, the bluefish are being affected by PCBs and pesticides. These PCBs come from Aroclor, a PCB mixture made by the Monsanto Chemical Company sold in the United States. The Acushnet River has observed agricultural, whaling, textile, fishing, and other busy activities over the past three centuries. The Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries donated samples of bluefish from Buzzards Bay. There were many references that contributed to the research conducted. No other viewpoints were presented. The article was published in 2013 and is in fact scholarly and peer-reviewed. This article was a little lengthy and somewhat too specific but provided information on one of many species being affected by water pollution. This article gives a view on how water pollution is affecting marine environments. The information defines a problem while discussing solutions and improvements. When thinking of Cape Cod, one wouldnt imagine shorelines filled with deceased fish. There is a problem with Cape Cods waters, untreated wastewater flows into nearby waterways causing excessive levels of nitrogen. The EPA has significantly reduced the amount of nitrogen in 2008. Chris Kilian, Director, Clean Water Health Forests mostly contributed information in this article. The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources also helped solve the problem by developing a cleanup plan. The CLF pursued the polluters who continued to be responsible, winning cases resulting in stricter pollution limits. The text is not current as it was published in fall 2010, although the article is in fact scholarly and peer reviewed. It is not mentioned who funded this work, and no other viewpoints are present. This article contributes some past water and nutrient pollution problems in the New England area. While the article is not too specific nor too general, it provides sufficient information on the issues and the background of how the CLF is taking action. This article supports one of the many problems water pollution has on bodies of water and marine environments in New England. The information defines a problem while discussing solutions and improvements. Although nutrients are essential, if at elevated concentration, it can be a critical pollutant for plant and animal life.

Peace Brought from the Modern Economic Structure - 1445 Words

In the modern world the economic structure is believed to help lead to peace and prosperity to all nations. It is stated that though Interdependent economies, when economies become dependent upon trade from foreign nations, and Globalization, the act in which nations begin to integrate their ideas and concepts with one another, war and conflict can be mitigated. War is mitigated through the two phenomena due to the growing trade between nations that demands for nations to agree and play nicely with one another in order to continue this trade. This is additionally seen through the effects that a lack of trade causes on the nations. But conflicts do not seem to be effected in a meaningful way by the two phenomena. This is due to the broad definition of conflicts that seems to encompass too many things to be completely affected and the nature of conflict which is always possible with two separate groups. Thus the modern world’s economy with its Interdependence and Globalization i s able to create peace but is unable to end conflict. The way through which the world has become Interdependent and Globalized is through international trade. Trade is the act through which two nations send each other product for the others products. This allows for countries to gain economically since they are selling their products for value. Countries then become Interdependent since the trade networks are the basis of the economy for countries thus they need to trade to keep the economy afloat.Show MoreRelatedHow Did the Tokugawa Period Contribute to the Economical and Political Success of Modern Japan?1352 Words   |  6 PagesHow did the Tokugawa Period contribute to the economical and political success of Modern Japan? Introduction: Important aspects of the Tokugawa period led to the development of Early Modern Japan. 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The Impact Of Parenting Styles On A Child s Development

Diana Melanie Santos Final Reflection Research Paper PSYC 215 - Dr. Bagshaw The significant impact different parenting styles can have on a child’s development intrigued me and prompted my self reflection of how my immigrant parents parenting practices affected my development. From my experience, I believe immigrant parents are more likely to display authoritarian versus authoritative parenting styles. â€Å"Studies have shown that parents of individualistic cultures (i.e. western cultures) are more likely to be authoritative, whereas parents of collectivistic cultures (i.e. non-western cultures, including Asian, African, and Hispanic) that have immigrated to the United States tend to be more authoritarian â€Å"(Spera, 2005). While immigrant parents have their children’s best interest in mind, the parent’s expectations and fears of their children assimilating to a new culture and losing their original heritage and cultural identities, â€Å"may trigger negative consequences, that impact the development of the child as a result of this controlling parenting style† (Yaman et al, 2010). 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The Effects Of Digital Media On Society s Media - 1714 Words

It is undeniable that the society is experiencing a mediated culture, where mass media have direct effects on our society. Newspapers, magazines, radios, and televisions constantly give out messages to promote products, attitudes, and ideas in an attempt to influence audiences. The effect is further enhanced when digital media, particularly the Internet, enters the competition for the limited supply of audience attention. The saturated mass media industry no longer has the benefit of reach it used to have, especially with millennials, in this attention economy filled with fragmented audiences (Webster Ksiazek 2012). More businesses and marketers have turned their efforts to digital media to influence consumers (Mulhern 2009). Therefore†¦show more content†¦However, digitization of information allows consumers to have the freedom to access news, books, music, and movies from a huge database anywhere and anytime (Mulhern 2009). Free and paid online video streaming services l ike YouTube and NetFlix is able to provide the freedom that traditional television cannot. The result is an increasing rate of cord cutting, where viewers drop their cable services (Coffee 2015). Traditional media communication has been blasting messages at large audiences behind the screen, especially in advertising, instead of trying to establish a connection. This causes annoyance amongst the audience who wants individual conversations, as they are increasingly individualized by digital media (Solis Breakenridge 2009). The audience who have been on the receiving end of one way communication of mass media can now communicate bidirectionally on the internet and social media or even become content producers and transmitters. This decreases the influence of mass media as audiences are increasingly used to the freedom of choosing what and how to view their media and also the ability to express their opinions and make their presence felt. 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Crowd Safety in Sports Grounds free essay sample

Occupiers Liability Act (1957) is the fundamental act of spectator safety at sporting events. This act is that an occupier of a premises owes a common duty of care to their visitors. Occupier is in charge of premises. Visitor is some that is invited or permitted to be at the premises. Disabled visitors covered by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Cunningham v Reading FC 1992- stadium crumbling. Lump of concrete thrown by fans, hit police man on the head. Was foreseeable because of poor stadia. Reading found liable for negligence. Simms v Leigh RFC- rugby league player tackled but injured when he slid off pitch into concrete wall next to pitch. Club not liable because perimeter was regulated distance. Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975- covers all stadiums and all sports. It protects all spectators. Fire Safety and Safety of place of sport 1987- licenses from local authorities. Defines how many people in a stand. We will write a custom essay sample on Crowd Safety in Sports Grounds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of Bradford fire (wooden stands) act made it so that stadia had to be made of fire proof material Football Spectator Act 1989- is about banning orders. If person commits offence can be banned from sporting events for a certain period of time. Sporting Events (Control of Alcohol) 1985- cannot be possession of alcohol at football matches or on a journey to match. Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994- section 60 -Police Powers regarding Public order. 166A Ticket ToutingTicket touting illegal- cannot sell tickets in public places Football Offences Act 1991-only at football -cannot throw missiles or make racist or indecent chants JAN 28-2010- Craig Bellamy, attacked with bottles and coin. 2 men arrested for attack.

Design Project Mental and Physical Disability

Question: Discuss about theDesign Projectfor Mental and Physical Disability. Answer: Project Benefits The project would be of numerous benefits and advantages both to the restaurant as well as to the community at large inclusive of the customers who would be visiting the restaurant(Comit 2009, p. 356). Foremost of the benefits is the realization of profits. Being a business unit, the personnel that would be employed would be part and parcel of the organization that would help in the achievement of the objectives. The business would be able to record significant positive deviations in the profits realized. This would be as a result of the improvement in the quality of service delivery. The deaf are known to be very humane and humble when handling individuals. From their friendly nature, customers would be motivated and satisfied by the services offered thereby winning their loyalty(Pine 2011, p. 120). Visitors and other people working in the restaurant who are not deaf will be able to learn sign language. The top management will need to communicate policies or make consultations with the employees who in this case are deaf. Under such circumstances, it would be important for the top management to learn to understand and communicate in sign language. At the same time, the customers will be interacting with the deaf attendants at some points during their stay in the restaurant. This would promote the use of sign language to facilitate processes aimed at meeting their needs. It would thus be a possibility that all the users of the restaurant will be fluent communicators of the sign language gradually(Association 2015, p. 185). Still, the project would eliminate discrimination as a result of disabilities in the society. More often than not, people born with disabilities are perceived to be unable and more of a burden to their families and the society at large. By incorporating the deaf ad part of the staff in the restaurant, they would not only feel valued and respected but also not discriminated against based on the state of health. The deaf would feel that they as well have a place in the society and pay an important role in the building of the economy. This would be a source of motivation to them and would make them work towards the realization of their full potential(Weatherford 2015, p. 179). To be served in a restaurant by deaf staff gives the customers an opportunity to have a new experience of food as well as a good taste. The customers would get to have a new feel of how food can be prepared and served in such a way that it best suits their interest. From learning of new ways on how to order for food to new ways of settling the bills, the customers would enjoy a wholly overhauled system. Customers would get acquitted with new ways of doing things which do not necessarily involve a lot of talking and shouting. The needs of the customers would be met just at gestures and signs, a different case from a restaurant served by non-deaf staff(Pine 2011, p. 211). A quiet but robust environment would be their experience as they get services from the hearing impaired staff. References Association, AB 2015, Mental and Physical Disability Law Reporter, Volume 29, 3rd edn, American Bar Association, Washington. Comit, A 2009, Facts and Reports, 4th edn, Holland Committee on Southern Africa, New York. Pine, BJ 2011, The Experience Economy, 4th edn, Harvard Business Press, Kansas. Weatherford, J 2015, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, 7th edn, Crown/Archetype, San Marcos.

The Effects of Violence in Media on Society Today Persuasive Essay Example For Students

The Effects of Violence in Media on Society Today Persuasive Essay Is societies violence the medias fault? This is the question that has been asked since before television was in every Americans house. Of course there are the different types of media today ranging from newspapers, to on-line reports and stories. There have been arguments upon arguments about this issue, and over 3,000 studies conducted. Unfortunately there isnt one single result, there is only an array of supposed answers to this undying question. CBS president, Howard Stringer is pointing to a different scapegoat for societys violence. I come from a country that puts a lot of American movies on and has more graphic violence within its live drama on the BBC than anywhere else, and there is a lot less violence in the United Kingdom than there is here. There are 200 million guns in America, and that has a lot to do with violence. We will write a custom essay on The Effects of Violence in Media on Society Today Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He feels it has to do with gun control, which others have suggested. But there are so many violent acts, that one cant focus on the guns, just like one cant focus on the media. David Phillips, one of the men we discuss later put it perfectly, Its like watching rain fall on a pond and trying to figure out which drop causes which ripple.There have been many studies conducted on the effects of violence on children, and on the effects on society as a whole. There have been about 3,000 studies performed on this topic. Two of the most prolific studies were the UCLA Television Violence Monitoring Report, and the Mediascope, Inc. test sponsored by the National Cable Television Association. Of course there were many other studies done, but these made headlines because of their results. The UCLA study focused on all of the television media, and discovered some interesting facts from their study. Prime Time Series raised the least concern. Theatrical films raised more concern and had a lot more violence. The Saturday morning cartoons had mixed reviews. 23% of the cartoons raised concern, but that was only rating the most popular cartoons: Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, X-Men, etc. They termed the action in cartoons as Sinister Combat Violence which basically means the whole story line leads to violence.Mediascope, Inc. focused on the amount and context on cable, effectiveness of rating systems and parental advisories, and the success of anti-violent messages. They found that perpetrators go unpunished in 73% of all violent scenes, one out of four violent interactions involved the use of handguns, and premium cable channels present the highest percentage of violent programs (85%). There was more to their findings, but these were the more prevalent findings.University of Michigan psychologists Dr. Leonard Eron and Dr. Rowell Huesmann conducted a study, which continued for decades. This was conducted beginning in 1960. They took 800 eight-year-olds and found that children who watched many hours of violent television tended to be more aggressive in the playground and the classroom. They checked back with these kids 11 and 22 years later. They found the aggressive eight-year-olds grew up to become even more aggressive. They testified before congress in 1992 stating, Television violence affects youngsters of all ages, of both genders, at all socioeconomic levels and all levels of intelligence. The effect is not limited to children who are already disposed to being aggressive and is not restricted to this country.David Phillips, a scientist at the University of California in San Diego conducted a study on prizefights on television. He thought of this topic, because he felt there wasnt enough research being conducted on the copycat violence. He found that after prize fights on television, there would be about a 10 percent increase in murders for a few days afterwards. He quoted, It also seems to be the case that the kind of person killed just after the prizefight is similar to the person beaten in the prize fight.There are four major theories of television violence. The arousal theory, the social learning theory, the disinhibition hypothesis, and the catharsis hypothesis. These four hypothesis/theories are old and new conclusions to the question at hand. It is notable to see that some of these theories were stated as early as 1961. Most would have to disagree with these theories just because of the age of their births, but to most peoples surprise they still hold in the 21st century. The arousal theory is basically self-explanatory. This was theorized by P.H. Tannenbaum in 1975. .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .postImageUrl , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:hover , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:visited , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:active { border:0!important; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:active , .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841 .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub4a04f6c7f9e4b37fcc381444afd0841:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marshant Museum Of Art And History Essay He said exposure to television violence increases aggression because violence increases excitation, or arouses viewers (Tannenbaum Zillman, 1975). This is also being found in the recent studies, which shows the progression in the medias will to change.The social learning theory was described by Dr. Bandura. This theory says ways of behaving are learned by observing others, and that this is a major means by which children acquire unfamiliar behavior, although performance of acquired behavior will depend at least in part on factors other than acquisition (Bandura, 1973). A perfect example of this theory was when the murders occurred after the prizefights.The disinhibition hypothesis was L. Berkowitzs investigation. This hypothesis explains that television violence in certain circumstances will result in increased interpersonal aggression because it weakens inhibitions against such behavior (Berkowitz, 1962).The final theory, catharsis hypothesis was written by S. Feshbach. This theory explains that under certain conditions exposure to television violence will reduce subsequent aggression (Feshbach, 1961). What this is saying is that if someone sees a fantasy on TV, or now with technology, entertains themselves with virtual reality, that fantasy is fulfilled, which makes them not feel they have to do that in real life.So many people have discussed the topic of media effecting society, from Aristotle to the President of CBS. It has always been a question, but never as needy for an answer as now. Hopefully the government has some say in this soon, so the drama of centuries will finally be over. But that probably wont occur anytime soon.Aristotle was a big supporter of catharsis. He believed that the audience became psychologically involved with the story on stage, even though they knew it was 100% fiction. He felt when aggression climaxed with the actors, there was a catharsis in the audience, which was pleasurable to experience and left the audience cleansed, uplifted, and less likely to act violently among themselves. Sigmund Freud also felt as Aristotle did by saying, Unless people were allowed to express themselves aggressively, the aggressive energy would be dammed up, pressure would build, and the aggressive energy would seek an outlet, either exploding into acts of extreme violence or manifesting itself as symptoms of mental illness . But there is no direct evidence for this conclusion (Aronson, 1995, p. 258). President Clinton looks at it in a different light saying, for people who have never been taught to understand the consequences of their action these things can unintentionally set forth a chain reaction of ever more impulsive behavior. Hollywood figures of the 21st century blame factors such as poverty, drugs and alcohol, poor schooling, lax gun control and a general breakdown of families but not screen violence.University of Iowa professor of Journalism and Mass Communication Albert Talbott said, In the 30s, when I was a toddler, one of the things that concerned parents were comic books and the violence in them. As soon as the modern media started to develop, we have all kinds of things on how we are affecting people.Technology today isnt helping everyone to feel better about this dilemma. It is actually going to get worse before it gets better. There isnt only movies or news reports someone can watch to see violence, but also the new video game craze. Video games have become an enormous industry in the past decade. People from 4 years old to 70 years old own their own Sega Genesis or Nintendo Play Station. Of course there is a number of games to choose frombut what is the highest wanted game? None other then Mortal Combat. The name speaks for itself. Just for the record, this game consists of choosing a character, a weapon and then fighting another character until one is dead. It also is equipped with sound effects for when someone is punched or stabbed, and also shows the blood flying from the body when hit. So many studies have been done on the affects of media violence on children. Most are concerned with the results, especially parents. If the government, parents or others are so concerned with the effect of their child seeing violence on the television, maybe they should practice what they preach when Christmas rolls around. They should think twice before buying that Mortal combat III for their son. This is where it gets sticky. Parents need to draw the line between appropriate and not appropriate. It would be a nice convenience to have a rating system on the television, but parents should be aware enough of what their children are doing and watching that they are the rating system themselves.The question now is what is happening to help this situation currently? The answer is quite relieving. .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .postImageUrl , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:hover , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:visited , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:active { border:0!important; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:active , .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190 .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5afc22349f87da01d2788056218fd190:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hypotheses of the Effects of Wolf Predation Essay All of the networks are on their tippy toes so they wont get a bad name. The Entertainment Industries council, which distributes suggestions to the writers and producers of network shows and TV movies on social issues, is now meeting with writers to develop ways for dramatizing conflict without violence and showing the consequences of violence. MTV is the most risqu station on cable right now. It shows a good amount of sex and violence everyday. Usually more sex then violence, but there is a good amount of both. But at MTV, almost one out of three music videos submitted is being ruled inappropriate for broadcast.The V-Chip is another work in progress for parents. This device will be in all televisions within 5 years. It is a rating system for parents, and they can program it to cut off shows with violence or nudity, etc. This will help parents regulate what their children will watch, even when they arent around. It will be like on-line shopping, a convenience, but you still have to choose what you want to buy.Film director Oliver Stone says, Films have become more sanitized. Were moving away from reality. Were in the grip of a political correctness thats bothersome. Obviously there will be some who are concerned with the action government is taking, because media should be realistic and educating, even if it is gruesome. Some would disagree with that statement, and those are the ones taking action now. Photojournalist Assistant Professor John Kimmich Javier said, News isnt always pretty or nice. People must face that reality. People have had to face that reality, and now are taking action to stop that from continuing to be reality. Should it be stopped is the real question. What is the effect of violence in media with children compared to with adults? Children model behavior they see in the media. If they dont see the consequences of violence, it will teach them that violence doesnt cause serious harm. Adults see more violence in the media than actually exists in real life. Thats because producers believe that they have to include extraordinary violence in order to keep the viewer. When heroes use violence, children think that violence is an appropriate way to respond to problems. Children are younger, so they see things and apply that to their lives, because they are learning everything at that age. Adults look at it as the mean world syndrome in which they see how society is portrayed on TV, and they think that every neighborhood is dangerous, like shown. When in fact most neighborhoods are nothing like they are portrayed on TV. The writers and producers are exaggerating, to make it all interesting.There is also discussion of violence on TV not having any affect at all. People have seen so much, that they dont really think about the actual act occurring on screen. Hanno Hardt, a professor at J-MC School said, Its lost its shock value. Maybe 20 to 30 years ago we would have been shocked. Now, a generation later, we know that this is a violent society. And when we read about violence, it only reinforces what we know. People have become used to seeing violence on television, but this has become somewhat surreal to them. They dont think of it as reality until it happens to them. When violence happens to people or their family, they become eyewitnesses to this violence. They have personal experiences compassion sensitivity, fear. People havent lost that. We have covered a huge amount of information about the effect of violence in media on society. Did we answer the question though? I dont think we did, but I do think that the answer is making progress. We are also a lot more informed now of what exactly is in the media right now, and what studies have shown to be happening. There has always been an issue of something effecting society, and there will always be a plentitude of scapegoats. What is the actual answer though? No one seems to have it. There is a lot of gray area, but society seems to be making this more of a black and white issue. Will the government ever really take action? Does action need to be taken? Hopefully after reading this, one is more educated on the difficulty in answering these questions.